
2002 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41120B-page 113
PIC16C717/770/771
11.6
A/D Sample Requirements
11.6.1
RECOMMENDED SOURCE
IMPEDANCE
The maximum recommended impedance for ana-
log sources is 2.5 k
. This value is calculated based
on the maximum leakage current of the input pin. The
leakage current is 100 nA max., and the analog input
voltage cannot be varied by more than 1/4 LSb or
250
V due to leakage. This places a requirement on
the input impedance of 250
V/100 nA = 2.5 k.
11.6.2
SAMPLING TIME CALCULATION
For the A/D converter to meet its specified accuracy,
the charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) must be allowed
to fully charge to the input channel voltage level. The
impedance (RS) and the internal sampling switch (RSS)
impedance directly affect the time required to charge
the capacitor CHOLD. The sampling switch (RSS)
impedance varies over the device voltage (VDD), see
ance for analog sources is 2.5 k
. After the analog
input channel is selected (changed) this sampling must
be done before the conversion can be started.
2 may be used. This equation assumes that 1/4 LSb
error is used (16384 steps for the A/D). The 1/4 LSb
error is the maximum error allowed for the A/D to meet
its specified resolution.
The CHOLD is assumed to be 25 pF for the 12-bit
A/D.
EXAMPLE 11-2:
A/D SAMPLING TIME
EQUATION
required to charge CHOLD. This calculation is based on
the following system assumptions:
CHOLD = 25 pF
RS = 2.5 k
1/4 LSb error
VDD = 5V
→ RSS = 10 k (worst case)
Temp (system Max.) = 50
°C
Note 1: The reference voltage (VREF) has no
effect on the equation, since it cancels
itself out.
2: The charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) is
not discharged after each conversion.
3: The maximum recommended impedance
for analog sources is 2.5 k
. This is
required to meet the pin leakage specifi-
cation.
VHOL D
VREF
16384
----------------
–
=
VREF
16384
----------------
–
VREF
() 1 e
TC
–
CHOLD RIC
RSS
RS
++
()
-------------------------------------------------------------------
–
=
VREF 1
1
16384
----------------
–
VREF
() 1 e
TC
–
CHOLD RIC
RSS
RS
++
()
-------------------------------------------------------------------
–
=
TC
CHOLD 1kRSS
RS
++
()
1
16384
----------------
ln
–
=
Solving for TC: